General Terms
- Breed – a stock of animals within a species having a distinctive appearance and typically having been developed by deliberate selection
- Breeding animal – an animal caused to produce offspring typically in a controlled and organized way
- Dam – a female parent
- Flock – a grouping of a species of livestock (sheep, poultry)
- Herd – a group of a single species of animal (cattle, horses, swine, goats)
- Livestock – domestic farm animals kept for productive purposes (meat, milk, work, wool)
- Market animal – livestock bred and raised for food consumption
- Polled – a naturally hornless animal
- Sire – a male parent
- Litter – multiple offspring produced at one birth by a multi-parous mammal. Also called brood
Chickens
- Chick – a newly hatched or a very young chicken
- Broilers – a chicken that is six to 13 weeks of age used for meat production
- Pullet – Female bird under one year of age
- Hen – Female bird over one year of age
- Cockerel – Male bird under one year of age
- Rooster – Male bird over one year of age
Cattle
- Bovine – the scientific name for cattle
- Calf – a sexually immature young bovine
- Heifer – a young female bovine which has not yet had a calf
- Cow – a mature female bovine
- Steer – a castrated male bovine
- Bull – a sexually mature male bovine
Ducks
- Drake – Adult male
- Duck – Adult female
Geese
- Gander – Adult male
- Goose – Adult female
Goats
- Caprine – refers to animals in the goat family
- Kid – a young goat
- Wether – a castrated male goat
- Doe – (aka. nanny) a female goat
- Buck – (aka. billy) a sexually mature male goat
Pigs
- Swine – a refers to animals in the pig family
- Barrow – a young, castrated male swine
- Boar – a sexually mature male swine
- Gilt – a young female pig
- Hog – a mature swine (usually weighing more than 120 pounds)
- Pig – (aka. piglet) a young swine (usually weighing less than 120 lbs.)
- Sow – a mature female swine
Sheep
- Ovine – the scientific name for sheep
- Ewe – a female sheep
- Lamb – a sheep less than one year in age
- Ram – a male sheep
- Wether – a castrated male sheep
Turkeys
- Poult – Young domestic turkey
- Hen – Adult female
- Tom – Adult male
Horse
- Equine – name of the family that includes horses, donkeys and zebras
- Foal – an animal in the equine family, of either sex, that is one year old or younger
- Colt – a male horse under the age of four
- Filly – a female horse under the age of four
- Gelding – a castrated animal of the equine family
- Pony – a mature horse that measures less than 14.2hands
- Mare – an adult female horse
- Stallion – an adult male horse
- Draft Horse – a large horse bred for hard, heavy tasks such as ploughing and farm labor
- Hand – a non-SI unit of measurement that equals four inches
Donkey & Mule
- Foal – an animal in the equine family, of either sex, that is one year old or younger
- Jenny – a female donkey
- Jack – a male donkey
- Mule – is the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse
- Donkey – a domesticated animal of the equine family primarily used as a working animal
Rabbit
- Kit – a young rabbit
- Doe – a female rabbit
- Buck – a male rabbit
Llamas
- Cria – a young llama
- Dam – a female llama
- Gelding – a castrated male llama
- Stud – a male llama